Ruler Dropping Test to Measure Reaction Time

Ruler ejectping Test to Measure Reaction TimeProblem statementIt harbors every person a atomic m to react to any event. For example, there is a small delay before you try to catch a ball moving towards you or attempt to catch a falling glass from a certain height. This time is called your reaction time.There are many ways that you can peak your rejoinder time. Some of the regularitys are very easy (without calculation). One of the simplest and common methods of calculating retort time is the convention drop judge. Most of the athletes use this methods to calculate their response time.In our engineering physics class we were asked to use this method to calculate our reaction time. For this assignment we were to be in small groups and measure everyones reaction time by getting 10 measurements from each student and determine who has the fas evidence reaction time. later taking the initial measurements we were also tasked to calculate the errors of those measurements.Coming u p with a plan to asses this we encountered some major problems such as,How fast is our reaction time?With each measurement does our reaction time increase?Why we campaign to catch the ruler in the middle rather than the beginning?How to improve our reaction time?After we have done this assignment we plan to acquit each one of those questions while providing the answers to our assignment.What is reaction time?In this method one of the students drops the ruler, the student cod it get rollings to move and nerve signal travels from his eye to his witticism. The brain simulates the signal and sends it to his finger muscles which move to catch the ruler. The whole edge takes between 150 and 220 milliseconds.The process of catching the dropped ruler begins with the eye watching the ruler expecting of it falling. After the ruler is dropped, the eye sends a message to the visual cortex (which simulates what we see), which perceives that the ruler has dropped and its falling. Then the v isual cortex sends a message to the motor cortex (nerve stimulation) to start the process of catching the ruler. The motor cortex sends a message to the spinal cord, which sends a message to the muscle in the hand/fingers. The final process is the process that makes a muscle to become tighter of the muscles as the hand grasps the ruler. All of these processes involve individual neurons that transmit electrochemical messages to other neurons.How to proceed the test.What do we need?An unblemished ruler.Two people(one to release the ruler and one to catch it)How to proceed.When we do this test one person has to hold the ruler and release that ruler at an irregular time. When the ruler start to fall (the test) the other person (test subject) has to pinch his fingers together catching it. This is his reaction to the falling ruler. The distance that we take (to measure) is the distance between the stub of the ruler and the top of the thumb where the ruler has been caught. It is very unl ikely that a student can stop the ruler at the same distance in two ways in a row. That means that we can get a more accurate measure of that students reaction time. We are conducting this experiment several times and take an average of our results. For this assignment we take 10 measurements from each student.How to calculate.To calculate ones reaction time we use the 3rd kinematic equation,1s= displacement.u= initial velocity.t=time taken.a=average acceleration.Proving,To prove the 1st equation,2We know that the first kinematic equation is,Applying this to the 2nd equation,How to use this to calculate reaction timeBecause the ruler is dropped down,CalculationTo calculate the reaction time for each person we took 10 measurements from each person to get an accurate survey. To get the most accurate value we calculated the mean of each person. Down below are the measurements we got.Every value is on cm scale.As proven above we are liberation to use two equations to calculate each o nes reaction time and determine who has the fastest reaction time. 12Looking at the results we found, we can see there are four people with a reaction time of 0.165s. This brings the idea of errors in this calculation and method. What can be the errors in this measuring method?Thought processing speed is different in each individual. As I explained above when I was describing reaction time to catch the ruler the test subjects muscle has to work. Depending on the thought processing speed it varies. Because we are taking average metes of each person you can see all the averages are on the same range. That means even if one person went too far with the meters he can catch up with others with fast reaction time.Other social occasion is because the measuring system is analogue, people can make mistakes such as the person who is dropping the ruler is not consistent with his work (dropping the ruler). That can wizard to errors.ConclusionRuler dropping test can be the easiest way of measu ring reaction time but it has its own pros and cons. This method requires very minimum amount of items to conduct the test. This method also not require a specialized pace to conduct the test and can be easily cast up for the test. However there are few disadvantages as well such as this requires at least one assistant to support the test subject. Also because its simple it can be incorrect when it comes to the calculations as we can see above. In our given assignment we were to find a way to measure the reaction time using the ruler drop test. This leaves us with only one question, is it reliable to measure our reaction time with this method?REFERENCES1B. Mackenzie, Ruler Drop Test, Brianmac.co.uk, 2017. Online. Available https//www.brianmac.co.uk/rulerdrop.htm. Accessed 22- Mar- 2017.2FileREACTION.DOC, Physics.nmsu.edu, 2017. Online. Available http//physics.nmsu.edu/research/lab110g/html/AREACTION.html. Accessed 22- Mar- 2017.

The Effect Of Dividend Policy Finance Essay

The Effect Of Dividend policy Finance EssayThe issue of how much a company should fee its stockholders as dividend is been of concern to managers. The optimal dividend policy of a firm numbers on investors desire for capital gains as opposed to income, willingness to forgo dividends for future returns, and perception of risk associated with postponement of returns. Management is often in a dilemma whether to pay dividends or to retain them for future investments with implications on administer rate. The get sought to determine the cause of dividend policy on the grocery dispense tax in the banking industry in Kenya, using issue argot Kenya (NBK) as case for the contain. The hear applied an explanatory research design covering a proportionate sample of 100 sh arholders drawn from a target population of 47,000 voiceholders of National Bank of Kenya. Data was collected using a incorporated questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze d ata. The hypotheses were time-tested by use of Pearsons Moment correlativity. With a response rate of 68%, the study open that NBK had a dividend policy as corroborate by 91% of the respondents. The study formal a strong and positive correlation coefficient (0.850) mingled with dividend payout and securities industry dole out valuate, with a P-value of 0.000. There was a positive correlation (0.299) between dividend offshoot rate and merchandise value of shares with a p-value is 0.013 hence establishing a momentous alliance between variables. There was a positive correlation (0.502) between system of dividend answer and market share value with a P-value was 0.000. Dividend policy had a significant effect on the market share value. The study recommends that management in banks and specifically National Bank Kenya must adjust the dividend policy in bicycle-built-for-two with interests and requirements of shareholders to improve the market share value.Key Terms Dividen d policy, dividend payout, dividend declaration, share valueBackground to the StudyDividend policy has been a puzzle in corporate finance for several decades. Among numerous research subjects about dividend policy, the nearly popular one is the relationship between the dividend take and the share harm of a firm. According to the dividend sack model (Gordon, 1959) it is feasible to derive that dividend payment augmentation should be accompanied by the value growing in a firm. Miller and Modigliani (1961) however, point out that the value of a firm is not influenced by current and future dividend decisivenesss, which is well recognized as the dividend irrelevance theory.According to Kapoor (2009) dividend policy connotes to the payout policy, which managers pursue in decision making the size and pattern of change distribution to shareholders over time. Therefore, managements primary goal is shareholders wealth maximization, which translates into maximizing the value of the comp any as measured by the terms of its common stock. This goal can be achieved by giving the shareholders a fair payment on their investments. Gordon (1963) found that dividend policy of the company did affect the market prices of its shares. fate value is represented by the market price of the companys common stock, which, in turn, is the function of the companys investment, financing and dividend decisions. Dividend decisions are recognized as centrally all-important(prenominal) because of increasingly significant role of the finances in the firms overall growth strategy. Bishop et al., (2000) contends that managers must not only look at the question of how much of the companys earnings are needed for investment, but also take into consideration the possible effect of their decisions on share prices. According to Kapoor (2009), share prices of a firm tend to be reduced whenever there is a reduction in dividend payments. An announcement of dividend amplify generates abnormal posit ive security system returns and an announcement of dividend decrease generates abnormal negative security returns. A drop in share prices occurs because dividends have a signaling effect.The research ProblemDividend policy is an integral part of monetary management decision of a firm. There is adequate empirical evidence pointing to a strong relationship between dividend policy and stock market prices. However, managers are in a dilemma as to whether to pay large, small or zero percentage of their earnings as dividends or to retain them for future investments. This situation is occasioned by the various shareholder interests which management has to requite. For instance, some shareholders prefer to be paid dividends every year for investing in other profitable businesses while other shareholders would care to invest in the future and thereof, prefer that the dividends be retained by the company for re-investment. However, most investors prefer companies with higher(prenomina l) pay outs because they are less savage than potential future capital gains. Since the bank management is dealing with competing interests of various shareholders, the kind of dividend policy they adopt may have either positive or negative effects on the share prices of the company. According to Miller and Modigliani (1961), the effect of a firms dividend policy on the current price of its shares is a matter of commodious importance, not only to management who must set the policy, but also to investors planning portfolios and to economists seeking to understand and appraise the functioning of the capital market. It is this basis that the study sought to establish the effects of dividend policy on market share value in the banking industry in Kenya, using National Bank of Kenya as a case for the study.Purpose of the StudyThe purpose of the study the study was to determine the effects of dividend policy on the market share value in the banking industry in Kenya, using case study of National Bank of Kenya. The constructs of dividend policy that were correlated with market share value were dividend growth rate, dividend payout, and regularity of dividend declaration.Research MethodologyThe study adopted an explanatory research design. The design allowed description of the variable characteristics and systematic explanation of the relationships amongst them as supported by Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) and Kothari (2004). The study cover a sample of 100 respondents from a population of 47,000 general public shareholders. The sample was selected through proportionate stratified sampling method where the population was dual-lane into five strata shareholders with 1 to 100,000 shares, shareholders with shares between 100,001 and 200,000 shares, shareholders with 20001 to 30000 shares, shareholders with 300,001 to 400,000 shares and shareholders with over 400,000 shares. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Descri ptive statistics including frequencies, percentages and mean were used to describe variable characteristics while inferential statistics (correlation and regression) were used to determine and explain variable relationships. The research hypotheses were tested using Pearsons Moment coefficient of correlation was used to test the research hypotheses. The study also tested the working of the postulated model using ANOVA while regression analysis was applied to test the test model in explaining the variable relationships.Results and AnalysisThe study achieved a response rate of 68%. Among the respondents, 32% were female while 68% were male implying that legal age of the National Bank of Kenya (NBK) shareholders is male.Dividend PolicyThe respondents were given a set of statements regarding NBKs dividend policy and asked to indicate extent to which they agreed with each one of them. According to the results (Table 1), 91% of the respondents were aware that National Bank of Kenya had a dividend policy. However, 59% indicated that the Dividend Policy was not well communicated to and understood by the shareholders.Table 1 Status of Dividend PolicyStatement/ item potently DisagreeDisagree accedeStrongly Agree symbolizeFrq%Frq%Frq%Frq%National Bank of Kenya has a Dividend Policy57.411.52942.63348.53.32NBK dividends policy is well understood by its shareholders1927.92130.91420.61420.62.34Dividend policy has been and continues to be important factor driving NBK share value11.51217.61927.93652.93.32 buckram dividend policy gives shareholders the assurance of predictable dividend payments002232.43247.11420.62.88The study revealed that the dividend policy has been and continues to be an important factor driving NBK share value as supported by 80% of the respondents. Respondents were of the view that a formal dividend policy gives shareholders the assurance of predictable dividend payments (68%). The importance of the dividend policy to shareholders was clearly underscore d as demonstrated by higher up average mean scores on all the constructs on which it was measured except the understanding of the policy by shareholders.Dividend Payments on Share Value object lens one sought to assess the effects of dividend payout on the market share value of National Bank of Kenya. An assessment of the effects of dividend payments on share value involved a set of statement which the respondents were required to indicate the extent to which they agreed with them. As shown in Table 2, 90% of the respondents pointed out that they considered payment of dividends a major(ip) element in the value of shares, meaning that an join on in a dividend payout causes an increase in share price as supported by 88% of the respondents. However, 79% felt that dividend payment did not remove excess cash flows that could be invested in unprofitable projects.bulk of the respondents (98%) strongly submitted that dividend paying firms are more closely scrutinized by financial analysts to assess managements role in building share value. Further they felt that dividend payments should satisfy shareholders dividend preference rather than depend on the firms investing or financing decisions. The study also revealed that dividend payments are better signals of confidential information than other media forms (98%) and then raising share value. The respondents were also of the view that payment of dividends is a demonstration that that the firm is strong ample and can pass up profitable investments (98%). Moreover, most of the respondents (78%) agreed that they valued their shares at NBK because of the regular dividend payments they received. Out of eight items used to measure the effect of dividend payment on share value, five of them received above average mean scores ranging between 2.97 to 3.76 a demonstration that that indeed dividend payment is a major determinant of share value.Table 2 make of Dividend Payments on grocery store Share ValueStatement/ itemStro ngly DisagreeDisagreeAgreeStrongly AgreeMeanFre%Fre%Fre%Fre%I consider payment of dividends a major element in the value of shares I hold at National Bank of Kenya22.957.42942.63247.13.34An increase in a dividend payout causes an increase in share price00811.82841.23247.12.18Dividend payment removes excess cash flows that could be invested in unprofitable projects005479.41420.6002.21Dividend paying firms are more closely scrutinized by financial analysts to assess managements role in building share value0011.54160.32638.22.97Dividend payments should satisfy shareholders dividend preference rather than depend on the firms investing or financing decisions0011.54160.32638.23.37Dividend payments are better signals of confidential information than other media forms thus raising share value0011.51420.65377.93.76In my view, payment of dividends is a demonstration that that the firm is strong enough and can pass up profitable investments.0011.51420.65377.93.76I value my shares at NBK becaus e of the regular dividend payments I receive.57.41014.72029.43348.52.21The study tested a hypothesis which stated that Dividend payout does not importantly affect the market value of National Bank of Kenya shares. The hypothesis was tested using Pearsons Moment Correlation Coefficient. The test was conducted to establish the relationship between dividend payout and market value of shares. The study (Table 3) revealed a positive correlation (0.850) between dividend payout and market value of NBK shares with a P-value of 0.000, less than the alpha of 0.01 hence establishing a strong and significant relationship between variables.Table 3 Correlation Analysis on Dividend Payout and grocery store Share ValueDividend payoutMarket value of NBK sharesDividend pay outPearson Correlation10.850(**)Sig. (2-tailed)..000N6868Market value of NBK sharesPearson Correlation0.850(**)1Sig. (2-tailed).000.N6868** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).Dividend Growth Rate and Share Val ue objective two sought to determine the effects of dividend growth rate on market value of National Bank of Kenya shares. This was a measured on a number of statements in which respondents were asked to indicate the extent to which they agreed with them. As shown in Table 4, all the respondents disagreed with the statement that dividend payments at National Bank of Kenya have been experiencing firm growth over the years. However, they (98%) pointed that maintenance of regular(a) and growing dividend payments increases a firms share value. Further, 98% of the respondents were of the view that adjusting dividend payments towards a target payout ratio will increase a firms share value. The study also established that 78% of the respondents valued the shares they held with National Bank of Kenya because of steady growth in dividend payments contradicting Levinsohn (2003) who observes that paying dividends will influence how a company finances its growth but will not have a lasting ef fect on its value in the marketplace. Though majority of the respondents disagreed with the contention that the dividend payments have been experiencing steady growth over the years, all the others attributes used to measure the effect of dividend growth rate on market share value all the other attributes were favourably rated with mean scores of over 3.3 out of 5 demonstrating that dividend growth is a major determinant in market share value.Table 4 Effects of Dividend Growth Rate on Market Share ValueStatement/ itemStrongly DisagreeDisagreeAgreeStrongly AgreeMeanFre%Fre%Fre%Fre%NBK dividend payments have been experiencing steady growth over the years1420.65479.400001.79 care of steady and growing dividend payments increases a firms share value0011.51420.65377.93.76Adjusting dividend payments towards a target payout ratio will increase a firms share value0011.54058.82739.73.38I value the shares I hold with National Bank of Kenya because of steady growth in dividend payments34.41217 .62029.43348.53.32The study tested a hypothesis which stated that Dividend growth rate does not significantly affect the market value of National Bank of Kenya shares, using Pearsons Moment Correlation. As shown in Table 5, there is a positive correlation (0.299) between dividend growth rate and market value of NBK shares with a P-value of 0.013 less than the alpha of 0.05 hence establishing a high significant relationship between the study variables. This shows that dividend growth rate has a significant effect on market value of NBK shares.Table 5 Correlation Analysis on Dividend Growth Rate and Market Share ValueDividend growth rateMarket value of NBK sharesDividend growth ratePearson Correlation1.299(*)Sig. (2-tailed)..013N6868Market value of NBK sharesPearson Correlation.299(*)1Sig. (2-tailed).013.N6868* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). method of Dividend Declaration and Market Share ValueObjective lead sought to establish the effects of regularity of di vidend declaration on the market share value through a set of statements. According to the study findings (Table 6), 77% of the respondents considered regularity of dividend declaration as major element in the value of shares they owned whereas 88% felt that regular dividend declaration caused an increase in share price. Further, 90% of the respondents submitted that regular dividend declaring firms have more shareholders and their share value is high.Table 6 Effects of Regularity of Dividend Declaration on Market Share ValueStatement/ itemStrongly DisagreeDisagreeAgreeStrongly AgreeMeanFre%Fre%Fre%Fre%I consider regularity of dividend declaration a major element in the value of shares I hold at National Bank of Kenya11.51420.62942.62435.33.12Regularity of dividend declaration causes an increase in share price22.968.82841.23247.13.32Regular dividend declaring firms have more shareholders and their share value is high.00710.3710.35479.43.69I value my shares at NBK because of the regu lar dividend payments I receive2638.22841.2001420.62.03The results advance revealed that majority of the respondents (79%) disagreed with the contention that they valued their shares because of the regularity of dividend declaration with a mean score of 2.03 out of a maximum of 5. In general, leash out of the quartette attributes measuring the effect of regularity of dividend payments on share value received high mean scores of over 3 out of 5 implying that regularity of dividend payments is positively related to share price. It follows thereof that when dividends are not regular, the share value drops and vice versa.The study tested a hypothesis which stated that regularity of dividend declaration does not significantly affect the market value of National Bank of Kenya shares using Pearsons Moment Correlation. As shown in Table 7, the study established a positive correlation of 0.502 with P-value of 0.000, less than the alpha of 0.01 hence demonstrating a high and significant rel ationship between the two variables. Therefore, regularity of dividend declaration has a significant effect on market value of shares. The results agrees with Pettit (1972) observations that announcements of dividend increases are followed by significant price increases and that announcements of dividend decreases are followed by significant price drops.Table 7 Correlation Analysis on Regularity of Dividend Declaration and Market Share ValueRegularity of dividend declarationMarket value of NBK sharesRegularity of dividend declarationPearson Correlation10.502(**)Sig. (2-tailed).0.000N6868Market value of NBK sharesPearson Correlation0.502(**)1Sig. (2-tailed)0.000.N6868** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).When asked to rate the level of market share value (Figure 1), 3% rated the value as very low, 57% rated it low, with 36% rating the value as high and 4% as very high. This shows that majority (60%) of the shareholders considered the market value of the shares as low.Figure 1 Level of market share valueModel examenThe model had hypothesized that regularity of dividend declaration, dividend growth rate and dividend payouts were responsible for variation in the market share value. To test this model multiple regression was run with market share value as the dependent variable and regularity of dividend declaration, dividend growth rate and dividend payouts as the independent variables. According to the study results in Table 8, the trinity independent variables account for 68% (R comforting, 0.679) of the variations in market share value.Table 8 Regression Model SummaryModelRR SquareAdjusted R SquareStd. Error of the Estimate1.824(a).679.664.530Predictors (Constant), regularity of dividend declaration, dividend growth rate and dividend payouts.The study conducted ANOVA to test determine whether the model works. As shown in Table 9, the F value was 45.110 at significance level of 0.00. Since the significance level (0.00) was far much less t han the alpha level 0.05, it implies that the three independent variables (dividend payout, dividend growth rate and regularity of dividend declaration) contributed significantly to variations in the dependent variable (market share value).Table 9 ANOVA ResultsModelSum of SquaresdfMean SquareFSig.1Regression38.060312.68745.110.000(a)Residual17.99964.281Total56.05967a. Predictors (Constant) regularity of dividend declaration, dividend growth rate and dividend payouts b. Dependent Variable market value of NBK sharesRegression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of dividend payout, dividend growth rate and regularity of dividend declaration on market share value. The study established that an increase in regularity of dividend payout, dividend growth rate and regularity of dividend declaration by one unit would increase market value of NBK shares by 0.615, 0.393 and 0.217 respectively. This implies that all the three independent variables significantly affect market share v alue, though dividend payout is more significant than the other two variables.Table 10 Regression CoefficientModelUn like CoefficientsStandardized CoefficientstSig.BStd. ErrorBeta(Constant).463.2391.939.057Dividend payout.615.075.7588.161.000Dividend growth rate.393.130.2183.015.004Regularity of dividend declaration.217.057.2233.793.000a. Dependent Variable market value of NBK sharesConclusionsIt is palpable that National Bank of Kenya had a dividend policy, which has been and continues to be important factor driving NBK share value. However, it was not well understood by the most of the shareholders. The NBK shareholders considered payment of dividends is as major element in the value of shares as it demonstrated that that the firm is strong enough and can pass up profitable investments. It is also evident that that an increase in a dividend payout causes an increase in share price. It is also clear from the results that dividend payments have been experiencing declining over the last five years. Although, maintenance of steady and growing dividend payments has been confirmed to increase the firms share value, adjusting dividend payments towards a target payout ratio will also increase a firms share value. Consequently, steady growth in dividend payments makes the shareholders value their shares more. Regularity of dividend declaration was also viewed as a major element with regards to the value of shares as shareholders believed that regular dividend declaration caused an increase in share price. Based on the results, dividend payout, dividend growth rate and regularity of dividend declaration significantly influenced the market value of National Bank of Kenya shares.RecommendationsBased on the findings, the study made the following testimonialDividend policy has proven to be of paramount importance with regards to the market share value and thus NBKs management should avail the policy to its shareholders. This grants them an opportunity to contribute to t he returns of the policy. NBK must adjust its dividend policy to improve the market value of its shares. For an optimal dividend policy to be achieved and maintained, the bank management should maintain regular dividend payment, and also pay a special dividend or initiate a share repurchase programme. Any changes in policy should be shared with the shareholders.

Online Property Management System

Online billet effment SystemStudy and Develop of an online home office management clay for urban c present 2 airscrewChapter 1 Literature retrospect 1.1 Over tranceIn this chapter, the indite contracts literature re tidy sum in the counterbalance place on the studies of online attri merelye management arranging to materialise prohibited how seat management works on the internet. The compose similarly foc subprograms on the technologies and tools involved in making online retention management arrangement to a greater extent(prenominal) efficient.1.2 Online Property ManagementOnline billet management elementary al championy tick offs just close of the craft method that renovate to the internet. It is the management of shoes management employ online tools. When online lieu management implemented, it afford m either things interchange equal to(p) booking keeping, hoard rental fees, managing properties and tactile sensation with clients more easy and ef ficient.Online airscrew management is simple and usu bothy do non require either spunky performance or complicated finish to work on. Usu t bulge ensembley, m whatever accepted state ph ir in Malaysia still prefer paperwork instead of development stead management outline to set up their operation. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the reason is the preference of paperwork and non use to working on ashes when sound off near working utilise a system of rules. Therefore, little complicated port wine and process in online proportion management system give advantages to those who con viewring on implementing system work into their business. And for this reason, it encourages online property management system to a higher necessitate level in online business instantaneouslyadays.1.3 Supporting TechnologiesOne of the advantages of online property management system is the usage of gett equal to(p) technologies that argon pr sayd to all in all told substance absubs tance ab exploiters that kindle their online business operation. former(a)(a) than almost jet technologies that argon usable in all business that provide contrasting usage and advantage to the business, there argon excessively nearwhat technologies that provide great advantage on online property management business.1.3.1 Google MapGoogle map is a meshing mapping attend application program powered by Google. It provide mapping service that certify a geographical mapping erect manage a dynamic coun extend map, it provide the street heel and route in mevery different view and withal paths travel by own vehicle, foots or public transport. One of its hurts towards property management is to show the send offion from one localisation of proceed towards some otherwise, as well as showing the shortest route among few paths. All these benefits support substance abusers to lift out the exact positioning of a place, and also make users know more almost the places surro unding the targeted spatial relation in case they want to know more or when they atomic number 18 lost.1.3.2 Visual offerVisual hug drug is a new snapshot technology that able to capture numerous of mental pictures in a room or environs, utilize optical tour softw are and photo stitching software to stitch all the pictures together and produce a 360 tip virtual home view. This technology tend to provide a visual home tour to the property buyers by showing how is the inside of a property looks like when buyers does not quest to travel all the way to the property location notwithstanding using the internet to enjoy a tour just now like when they are exactly in the building.To produce a visual tour icon, a RTV tour builder kit contains of a television camera and springer rotator mount on the side of the camera is wished. To start capturing, place the tripod on a best capturing spot, usually on the middle of a room, then(prenominal) manually rotate the camera one side to some other from left to right, and then from make and bottom until every view of that room is being taken. Upon finish the capturing process, a visual tour software by overlapping the sides of all images together to utilize a 360 degree panaromic images. Lastly, the completed visual tour video command to upload to the RTV tour server through the internet to allow tour video automatically customize with owners banner, logo or photos, and then suffers like hyper conjoin to suffer into their websites, google map, and others leave alone be added and saddle certify to the owner.1.3.3 Other Supporting ToolsThere are other technologies or tools supporting online property management as well. These tools are not primary(prenominal)ly for online property management scarcely also benefit the system operation like other businesses do.* Search operate onSearch forge is a commonality tool that imbue culture according by using a keyword enter by user and match selective data uncommitted in the authorized system, and display or show to the users Usually property buyers tend to have a property mindset in their mind originally looking for federal performers to come out the property they want, appear persona in a system allow buyers to go through some simple steps to strike out if theres any property that match their expectations or prerequisites, instead of trying all the properties one after another.* Mortgage loan electronic computerA mortgage loan figurer is to calculate the loan needed to pay by a property buyers per months. It usually require user to input some basic nurture like property value, interest rate, years and down payment to catch the loan closure. This is a simple tool that requires very little motility in maturation but requires a correct formula to mystify the accurate result.* Reminding toolsA reminding tool usually require user to enter a task key and an expired date. Upon reaching the expired date, user go out g et wind a notification regarding the task. Property cistrons benefits from reminding tool in various ways. accumulation rental fees is an authorized process when properties are rented. mosttimes hold out rental fees brush aside be quite troublesome and if does not handle carefully, a delay rental fees could be forget or paid rental fees whitethorn not recorded properly. Therefore, the task of a reminding tool not exactly inform user regarding commenceial task but also ensure user approximately completed task.* Looking for geneUsually it is a good whim to record actors discipline in a system to allow buyers to look for a disuniteicular agent. In a system, not only agents brief person-to-person and contact nurture could be prime, buyers fundament also found the agents purchasable magnetic diping. In case there are buyers who prefer a incident agent service and listing in that theater, they mickle contact the agent directly without contacting the alliance or other agent.* iExpertA simple Question and Answer (QA) in a system that contain head teachers ask by the user regarding property issues, and rotter be answered by other users and working agents. It work like a forum but much(prenominal)(prenominal) more simple than it, it only require user to enter a question if he or she has one, or lease to view all available questions and answer any question if they know. 1.4 SummaryAs a summary of this chapter, the author has understood how online property management system work compares to unfeigned time business. More importantly, the author had conduct studies on the technologies that support online property management system which offer great advantages to the user when using the system.Chapter 2 analyse Existing Websites2.0 OverviewIn this chapter, the author visit and investigate several existing real estate websites to gain pull ining in common give births and also how other real estate websites manage their tuition. The author focuses more on some feature that is unique for real estate websites. The author also tend to list out some of their strengths and weaknesses to gain knowledge about pros and cons when manage a real estate business online.2.1 ThinkPropertyThinkProperty is a free property service website that allows all real estate agents in Malaysia to post their property listing for free. It is owned by Think Media Sdn Bhd and was launched at October 2007. Powerful tools in ThinkProperty make properties more administrable and easier to search. It tends to provide great advantage to the sellers and buyers.2.1.1 ThinkPropertys Features 2.1.1.1 Member features i) Managing propertiessubstance abusers are requiring registering as a constituent in order to use the features offer to all members. learn link canful be found under login or the side navigation regarding all the features on the right.By snaping on registering, user pass on navigate to a knave listing eight benefits to become a member. O n the bottom on the scallywag, user can click on Register now departure to register as member by filling up the fitting form and upon completing the form, user need to validate their cast through net broadcast. accordingly user allow for be successfully registered as a ThinkPropertys member and allow to login using the registered user telephone and password.Once login, user can dissemble their registered name and a declinedown list contain all available members features on the login interface. The dropdown list contains auto post back function, which means when user selects any selection within the drop down list, user will automatically navigate to the scallywag according to the selected option.For features under Create new listing, users will be direct to a form to submit the property they want to add. When they have done submitting it, the added property can be found in features under Manage my listing. substance abuser can check back their added listing anytime they want, and can occupy to modify the information or delete the added listing. In My properties and My Auctions page, user can choose to click the order of the listings by selecting property type, posted duration and other option. In property wanted, user can submit a wanted property to the moderator and play until further notification. Usually agent will announce user by e-mail or contact number regarding the property they want.ii) own(prenominal) ProfileSome of the information in a member individualized visibleness is filled up during registration, while most of the information is blank. The information in personal profile included user type, company information, contact information, and websites. All this information will be useful if some other user need to find out more about a particular user for some business issues. This will be needed especially in the forum. User will be allowed to use the forum to post new thread or answer to any existing thread when they had becom e member. Providing all this information will be convenient to other member as well as the agents in case they need to contact the member.Other than entering their personal information, user can upload picture and video of themselves. Added picture will be shown in the profile page when it is viewed. As for video, user need to click on the video button placed on the left side to view video in a new pop out. Brief information of the properties owned will also show in this page, as well as latest 10 posted threads in the forum can also be view by clicking on the Forum button. All this function is to ease other member in conclusion out more about a particular member.iii) Think MailThink mail serve as a mailing service for members to receive messages sent by other member or agent. This is a simple service to read and delete mails however it does not support move message here. User need to go to another member page and click on the Message button to hop out him or her Think Mail mess age or e-mail message.Other than this, user can set his or her e-mail alert option. This service is to receive property alert message in case user got use any service like property wanted and re mains agent purpose.2.1.1.2 ForumJust like other forum, ThinkProperty forum contain all types of issuing discuss about buying properties, interchange properties, property investment, finance issues and much more. Only registered member are allowed to post any question on the adapted thread and await other member to reply or reply to any existed thread. With the support of a forum, all members can get more armed service and information regarding property issues and problems, and also get to know more about agents and people from other place. A forum also serve as another way to obtain information and solving problem, otherwise user can only communicate to the moderator by using customer support and sending messages.2.1.1.3 guest SupportIn ThinkProperty, there are three ways to obtain s upports. First is to use the most common method like many websites do, using the feedback form to send question and awaits reply from the moderator. Second is to use the forum to post new question and awaits replies from other member and moderators. Third is to use the sleep with help desk find on almost every pages on the top right, right below of the main add-in navigation.Live help desk is an instant electronic messaging service. When click on it, a new window will pop up and there will be someone there to answer any question asks by the user. This is one effective way to obtain answers instantly without waiting like other two customer support. However, live help desk is not always available to be use. There is no specific time when it is available, but user can found it available many times in a day.2.1.1.4 display PropertiesTo view the available properties, user has to enter a desire location in the search box on the top of the website. This is a more direct way to find pr operty around an area, instead of backwash all properties from other places at one page.While entering information into the searching box, a drop down that contain some location that match the entered data will show to let user navigate readily if the target location is within the drop down. When random data being entered, especially when input character is less than 3, location that is not related to the entered data will show. Otherwise, it will show no result match in the drop down.A Display map check box under the search box is to evince navigate user to view all properties page with its detail or navigate to Google map that shows the entered location and properties contain on that area. 2.10 shows an workout of Google map result when display map is checked. The red house symbol below shows the properties that are available around the area. When mouse hover on one of the red symbol, a small dialog box pop out and show brief information about the property. User can click on the click on the bottom of the box to see more information about that property.Without checking the Display Map, when a location is selected, it will navigate to a page that shows all properties with some information located in that searched place. For example, 2.11 shows all properties available in Damansara when user enters Damansara in the search box.On the left side of the page, there is one filtering function to sort the wanted property details. By clicking on any of the filtering option, the function of it will show and allow user to choose or enter related information2.15 shows the bottom of the property page. Google map of a particular property will be show if the property has information about it. At another side will be the seller information. In case user interested to find out more, they contact using the provided information or use the form below to e-mail the seller.In case user found that a particular property is not available anymore but it is still tag as available, user can simply click on the link beside the red icon below to notify the unavailability of this property to any user that view this property afterward. When user had done with one property, user can always choose to go back to all the property listing or simply click on the next button to view another property, or click on the front button to view visited property before this, this two buttons located on top of the view all listings page.2.1.1.5 Find componentThinkProperty does not offer a direct page to view all agents features. To find an agent, user needs to click the Find Agent link above the search box and then choose either find agent by area or by name.In case user knows any particular agent name and hoping for their service, they can try this search box to locate the agent to see all their posted listing. This also eases users when they know the agent name and where they work, but did not have any contact information about the agent. This may not work only if the target agent is not a member of ThinkProperty website.2.1.2 Strengths and Weaknesses2.1.2.1 Strengths* Simple, user-friendly interface. Overall web pages do not contain much unnecessary things. Simple looking and direct way to navigate to pages provide good look for experience to users* less(prenominal) complex function and process. Most of the process like job application form, submitting properties, searching functions are step by step methods and does not consist of much complicated process, this helps in reducing user confusion when using ThinkPropertys website* acceptable functionality and features. Sufficient features to provide good properties searching and managing experience* Good customer support service. Contain of more than one types of customer support feature for the propose of increase efficiency in providing helps to the users when browsing ThinkProperty2.1.2.2 Weaknesses* Risk qualification be unavoidable. ThinkProperty may not responsible for any information risk lik e fake agent or propertys information as they have no control over agents or members information* Searching function is the only way to view all properties and agents. As searching for properties and agents only depends on the searching box provided, first time user may not know how to find property and agent information.2.2 iPropertyDuring Jan 2009, iProperty was declared as the top property entre in Malaysia by Google Ads Planner. Operating their business in Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, India and Philippines allow clients from different states to use their service. For further development, they are working towards capitalize the property market and assert their top booster cable position and continue working on online property advertising.(Sorensen, 2009)2.2.1 iPropertys Features2.2.1.1 Members FeaturesLike other websites to use all the features offer to members only, user has to proceed to registration and approved as a member first. Before login, there will be seve ral links under login like My shortlist, My Property Ads and others, but when user click on those link without login, they will be directed to the login page, which contain registering and forgotten password feature. To register, user just has to click on Register instantaneously link located on the top left side of every page or under the login field on login page and navigate to the registering page. Upon submitting the form, user will receive a random generated password in their registered e-mail, user has to use that password and registered username to login, and then they can choose to change the password later on.i) Create in-person ProfileUpon registering as member, user can choose to create their personal profile. This feature is optional, other than letting the agents to know more about them when using iPropertys service like property wanted and property ads, it also allow other member to find out more about a particular agent through iExpert.ii) My iExpertiExpert is a se rvice designed to ease the sharing of property information sharing among members. All users are allow to use iExpert to search and view questions and answers provided by the members, however, only members are allow to post new questions and answer existing questions. It serves like a partial forum but does not contain much feature like forums do.iii) My Property WantedLike other property website, iProperty offer a property wanted feature to all members only that allow them to submit a form consist of the property requirement a buyer want, and let the agents to perform a property search to find available property match the buyer requirement and notify buyers about it. Members who use this feature will keep property wanted information in their profile.2.2.1.2 Viewing PropertiesThe New Property Review button contain under the drop down of New Properties located on top of the main menu navigation direct users to the latest property listing in iProperty. User can choose to view different types of property by months by selecting from a list box on the right side of the main title. This is one of the ways to view property owned by iProperty. some other way of finding properties is to use the searching function located on top of the page under the main menu or view properties through related developers or agents.Viewing a property consist of several parts. The first part is the propertys review that contain of long description of the particular property. It consists of some pictures regarding the property with describing the surrounding, environment and facility to attract the interest of people to know more about it.The second part is the propertys specification. This page usually of one picture regarding the property and all details like address, property type, land title, tenure, land area, price range, posted date, and side information which are nearby transportation, schools, and comforts.Next part is display the property drift. This page usually consists of photo gallery taken by camera about the property environment. Visual tour will also available in this page if the particular property has any video about visual tour.Map is available in most of the properties to show the location of a property and also direction to approach to it. For those properties that has Google Map details, a map will be provided as well.Lastly, user who interested in a property can register to it using a provided form to let the agent to contact and brief user about further information.Other than property specification, there are extra corner for sending enquiry to the agents or related person, sending enquiry to the developers and also a home loan calculator provided by Maybank with the information of preferred MPF, interest rate, loan years that is already provided according to the property and the monthly repayment result is provided automatically to the user.2.2.1.3 Visual TouriProperty provide visual tour service for user to experience a virtual visiting property experience. Visual tour video can be found on the bottom of each property under gallery view. However, not all properties provide visual tour service. User can found properties that contain visual tour service on the Visual Tour link under new properties on the main menu navigation.2.2.1.4 Find an AgentFinding an agent in iProperty only require a click on Find An Agent button located on top of the page in main menu navigation. From this page, user can see their name, contact number, e-mail and self description. On top of it, there is a search agent function to find an agent by name, state and area, or user can filter all agents according to the first alphabet of their name. By clicking on their name, user will direct to their page that contain all of the listing they hold. User can also send a message to a particular agent in their page by submitting a form above the holding listing.2.2.1.5 Search FunctionThere are basically three types of search function depend on each pa ges. Different types of search function shown in different page for different purpose.2.29 show a search function located on the main page and new project page. There are sufficient data for user to specify the searching information to obtain better matching property. User can click on Advance Search to have more option to search. Alternately, user can choose to filter properties according to different state by clicking By Area or different country by clicking on Overseas.The second searching function is searching agent function. This feature available only in Find An Agent page and the concept is the same with normal searching function. User just has to input the agents name, area or state, or choosing the first alphabet of their name to find a particular agent.The third searching function located on Home serve up page. This searching function use to search for available furniture or home products.2.2.2 Strengths and Weaknesses2.2.2.1 Strengths* Rich supporting technologies. iPro perty consist of several tools like Google Map, Visual Tour, and some other function that make their service very efficient.* Detail properties information. All properties information included location map, floor plan, transportation and amenities nearby, image gallery and other related information provide information more than what the clients want to know.2.2.2.2 Weaknesses* Too much information in a page may be unnecessary. Most of the pages contain a lot of information even if it is not related to the page. Users may found it confusion on information that is related or none-related to what they need.2.3 SummaryIn this chapter, the author analyze some existing real estate company websites. As understanding features they use to enhance their operation is the main priority in this objective, the author has more knowledge on developing a real estate websites, as well as some of the strengths and weaknesses, to be learnt and avoid when developing an online property management system. Chapter 3 Conduct Interview and Survey3.1 OverviewIn this chapter, the author conducts audience and surveys to the head of City 2 Property and also some agents who are experience in real estate business. The author uses this two fact finding method to keep an eye on the user requirement of the proposed system and the agents expectation towards it. In the end, the author will record the fact finding result and present on this chapter.3.2 InterviewThe author go downd to conduct an interview to the head of City 2 Property, Mr. Koo Kam Swee, because he is the most suitable person that understands the requirement or the needs of this proposed system. The interview question will be produce base on the purpose of understanding what will Mr. Koo expect the proposed system can do and how it benefits the business operation and the agents in the company. All the interview questions and answers show below contain main questions and some new questions that were asked during the interview.3.2.1 Interview Questions and Answers1. What give you an idea of using a website for your business?(To understand the purpose of the proposed system towards the company)Our companys operation mostly depends on paper work as we have already used to it. We never thought about creating a website until I fix the advantage of a website that can help people from the outside to admittance to our service faster and anytime even after our operation hour. Therefore, creating a website like other real estate company helps the customers to reach us easier.Author finding The author uses this question to find out the interviewee main purpose of having this proposed system. The author now understand that the passenger car get the idea that online business provide fast and easy ways to interact with clients, therefore he decide to implement a website for the company.2. Without a system, what types of problem your company and the agents faces?(To understand how should the proposed system benefit the c ompany)As I mention, most of our works depend on paperwork. Upon completing a inventory work, if require sending to clients or others, we need to send through letters, awaits receiving, and finally reply back to us. The overall process takes up a great sum total of time. If there is a website, we can shorten the time of this type of process so that we can complete a task much faster.Author finding From above statement, the author understands that the manager hope that the proposed system can benefit by completing a task faster using electronic mail instead of delivering letters which is very time consuming.3. Other than that, what are other problems exist? For instant, what you think other real estate company with websites benefits compare to your company?(To understand more on the benefits of the interviewee expect towards the proposed system)Having a website for the company nowadays is a type of competitive advantage. I know some of the other real estate company having their own websites, this give them the advantage of allowing clients to reach them easier, meanwhile this become a disadvantage for us as we inadequacy of this service to offer to the clients.Author finding Spontaneous question continue from the second question, the author try to find out more about the expectation of the manager that the proposed system can benefit the company. The author gives an example of other real estate competitive to make interviewee to think more critical on the benefits he expects. By the answer of the interviewee, the author know that the manager expect the proposed system can be a competitive advantage when compete with other real estate company.4. For the website, what features you expects most? In another words, what feature you think is the most important in the entire website?(To understand what feature the interviewee concern the most)The most important part in the website would be allowing people to view our properties. We hope that people who view our pro perties using the website can know all the details of a property when they access the page.Author finding The author wanted to know what is considering as the most important feature in the proposed system. The answer given shows that the manager expect viewing properties as an important feature that should put effort on for the purpose of allowing the users to know the full details of a property.5. Other than viewing propertys details, what other feature you hope to be implemented to make viewing properties a better experience for the users?(To make the interviewee consider more on the functionality of the relate feature)To be able to view propertys picture with all the details, this would be good enough. Additionally, I hope the website can handle some clients services like sending enquiry about a property or provide information about our contact so that their can call us or send message to us whenever they need our service.Author finding A spontaneous question follows by question number 4. The author trying to make the interviewee think more on adding some functionality that can make viewing properties better for the users. But the manager does not have too high expectation on other function about it, and suggest other feature regarding serving clients by receiving enquiries and mail from them using the proposed system.6. Will you expect people to be able to register as a member of City 2 Property website? If yes, what do you hope to benefit from this feature?(To understand what the manager think about member system and how to benefit from it)Possible. Having members in our website help us know more about them, in case we want to contact them using alert phone, we may be able to locate their contact information through the website.Author finding The author finds out that the manager does not have high expectation on the member system as well. The manager hopes that this feature can be used to find out the members contact information so that the agent can c ontact them when necessary.7. If a member system is implemented, what you think about allowing members to sell their properties using the website?(To understand what the manager think about selling properties online)I guess this should be no different than clients call up to offer their properties to us. If what I think is correct, thOnline Property Management SystemOnline Property Management SystemStudy and Develop of an online property management system for City 2 PropertyChapter 1 Literature Review 1.1 OverviewIn this chapter, the author conducts literature review mainly on the studies of online property management system to find out how property management works on the internet. The author also focuses on the technologies and tools involved in making online property management system more efficient.1.2 Online Property ManagementOnline property management basically contains most of the business method that renovate to the internet. It is the management of property management usin g online tools. When online property management implemented, it make many things like booking keeping, collecting rental fees, managing properties and contact with clients more easy and efficient.Online property management is simple and usually do not require any high performance or complicated application to work on. Usually, many real estate company in Malaysia still prefer paperwork instead of using property management system to enhance their operation. One of the reason is the preference of paperwork and not use to working on system when think about working using a system. Therefore, less complicated interface and process in online property management system give advantages to those who considering on implementing system work into their business. And for this reason, it encourages online property management system to a higher demand level in online business nowadays.1.3 Supporting TechnologiesOne of the advantages of online property management system is the usage of available te chnologies that are provided to all users that enhance their online business operation. Other than some common technologies that are usable in all business that provide different usage and advantage to the business, there are also some technologies that provide great advantage on online property management business.1.3.1 Google MapGoogle map is a web mapping service application powered by Google. It provide mapping service that show a geographical mapping just like a dynamic country map, it provide the street name and route in many different view and also paths travel by own vehicle, foots or public transport. One of its supports towards property management is to show the direction from one location towards another, as well as showing the shortest route among few paths. All these benefits support users to find out the exact location of a place, and also make users know more about the places surrounding the targeted location in case they want to know more or when they are lost.1.3.2 Visual TourVisual tour is a new snapshot technology that able to capture numerous of pictures in a room or environment, using visual tour software and photo stitching software to stitch all the pictures together and produce a 360 degree virtual home view. This technology tend to provide a visual home tour to the property buyers by showing how is the inside of a property looks like when buyers does not need to travel all the way to the property location but using the internet to enjoy a tour just like when they are exactly in the building.To produce a visual tour video, a RTV tour builder kit contains of a camera and custom rotator mount on the side of the camera is needed. To start capturing, place the tripod on a best capturing spot, usually on the middle of a room, then manually rotate the camera one side to another from left to right, and then from top and bottom until every view of that room is being taken. Upon completing the capturing process, a visual tour software by overlap ping the sides of all images together to utilize a 360 degree panaromic images. Lastly, the completed visual tour video need to upload to the RTV tour server through the internet to allow tour video automatically customize with owners banner, logo or photos, and then features like hyperlink to post into their websites, google map, and others will be added and send back to the owner.1.3.3 Other Supporting ToolsThere are other technologies or tools supporting online property management as well. These tools are not mainly for online property management but also benefit the system operation like other businesses do.* Search functionSearch function is a common tool that filter information according by using a keyword enter by user and match data available in the current system, and display or show to the users Usually property buyers tend to have a property expectation in their mind before looking for agents to locate the property they want, search function in a system allow buyers to go through some simple steps to find out if theres any property that match their expectations or requirements, instead of searching all the properties one after another.* Mortgage loan calculatorA mortgage loan calculator is to calculate the loan needed to pay by a property buyers per months. It usually require user to input some basic information like property value, interest rate, years and down payment to obtain the loan result. This is a simple tool that requires very little effort in developing but requires a correct formula to obtain the accurate result.* Reminding toolsA reminding tool usually require user to enter a task name and an expired date. Upon reaching the expired date, user will receive a notification regarding the task. Property agents benefits from reminding tool in various ways. Collecting rental fees is an important process when properties are rented. Sometimes delay rental fees can be quite troublesome and if does not handle carefully, a delay rental fees could b e forget or paid rental fees may not recorded properly. Therefore, the task of a reminding tool not only notify user regarding incomplete task but also ensure user about completed task.* Looking for agentUsually it is a good idea to record agents information in a system to allow buyers to look for a particular agent. In a system, not only agents brief personal and contact information could be found, buyers can also found the agents available listing. In case there are buyers who prefer a particular agent service and listing in that area, they can contact the agent directly without contacting the company or other agent.* iExpertA simple Question and Answer (QA) in a system that contain questions ask by the user regarding property issues, and can be answered by other users and working agents. It work like a forum but much more simple than it, it only require user to enter a question if he or she has one, or choose to view all available questions and answer any question if they know. 1 .4 SummaryAs a summary of this chapter, the author has understood how online property management system work compares to real time business. More importantly, the author had conduct studies on the technologies that support online property management system which offer great advantages to the user when using the system.Chapter 2 Analyze Existing Websites2.0 OverviewIn this chapter, the author visit and investigate several existing real estate websites to gain understanding in common features and also how other real estate websites manage their information. The author focuses more on some feature that is unique for real estate websites. The author also tend to list out some of their strengths and weaknesses to gain knowledge about pros and cons when manage a real estate business online.2.1 ThinkPropertyThinkProperty is a free property service website that allows all real estate agents in Malaysia to post their property listing for free. It is owned by Think Media Sdn Bhd and was launc hed at October 2007. Powerful tools in ThinkProperty make properties more manageable and easier to search. It tends to provide great advantage to the sellers and buyers.2.1.1 ThinkPropertys Features 2.1.1.1 Member features i) Managing propertiesUsers are requiring registering as a member in order to use the features offer to all members. Register link can be found under login or the side navigation regarding all the features on the right.By clicking on registering, user will navigate to a page listing eight benefits to become a member. On the bottom on the page, user can click on Register now button to register as member by filling up the registration form and upon completing the form, user need to validate their account through e-mail. Then user will be successfully registered as a ThinkPropertys member and allow to login using the registered username and password.Once login, user can see their registered name and a dropdown list contain all available members features on the login interface. The dropdown list contains auto post back function, which means when user selects any option within the drop down list, user will automatically navigate to the page according to the selected option.For features under Create new listing, users will be direct to a form to submit the property they want to add. When they have done submitting it, the added property can be found in features under Manage my listing. User can check back their added listing anytime they want, and can choose to modify the information or delete the added listing. In My properties and My Auctions page, user can choose to filter the order of the listings by selecting property type, posted duration and other option. In property wanted, user can submit a wanted property to the moderator and wait until further notification. Usually agent will notify user by e-mail or contact number regarding the property they want.ii) Personal ProfileSome of the information in a member personal profile is filled up durin g registration, while most of the information is blank. The information in personal profile included user type, company information, contact information, and websites. All this information will be useful if some other user need to find out more about a particular user for some business issues. This will be needed especially in the forum. User will be allowed to use the forum to post new thread or answer to any existing thread when they had become member. Providing all this information will be convenient to other member as well as the agents in case they need to contact the member.Other than entering their personal information, user can upload picture and video of themselves. Added picture will be shown in the profile page when it is viewed. As for video, user need to click on the video button located on the left side to view video in a new pop out. Brief information of the properties owned will also show in this page, as well as latest 10 posted threads in the forum can also be view by clicking on the Forum button. All this function is to ease other member in finding out more about a particular member.iii) Think MailThink mail serve as a mailing service for members to receive messages sent by other member or agent. This is a simple service to read and delete mails however it does not support sending message here. User need to go to another member page and click on the Message button to send him or her Think Mail message or e-mail message.Other than this, user can set his or her e-mail alert option. This service is to receive property alert message in case user got use any service like property wanted and awaits agent finding.2.1.1.2 ForumJust like other forum, ThinkProperty forum contain all types of topic discuss about buying properties, selling properties, property investment, finance issues and much more. Only registered member are allowed to post any question on the suitable thread and await other member to reply or reply to any existed thread. With the su pport of a forum, all members can get more help and information regarding property issues and problems, and also get to know more about agents and people from other place. A forum also serve as another way to obtain information and solving problem, otherwise user can only communicate to the moderator by using customer support and sending messages.2.1.1.3 Customer SupportIn ThinkProperty, there are three ways to obtain supports. First is to use the most common method like many websites do, using the feedback form to send question and awaits reply from the moderator. Second is to use the forum to post new question and awaits replies from other member and moderators. Third is to use the live help desk located on almost every pages on the top right, right below of the main menu navigation.Live help desk is an instant messaging service. When click on it, a new window will pop up and there will be someone there to answer any question asks by the user. This is one effective way to obtain a nswers instantly without waiting like other two customer support. However, live help desk is not always available to be use. There is no specific time when it is available, but user can found it available many times in a day.2.1.1.4 Viewing PropertiesTo view the available properties, user has to enter a desire location in the search box on the top of the website. This is a more direct way to find property around an area, instead of viewing all properties from other places at one page.While entering data into the searching box, a drop down that contain some location that match the entered data will show to let user navigate quickly if the target location is within the drop down. When random data being entered, especially when input character is less than 3, location that is not related to the entered data will show. Otherwise, it will show no result match in the drop down.A Display map check box under the search box is to indicate navigate user to view all properties page with its de tail or navigate to Google map that shows the entered location and properties contain on that area. 2.10 shows an example of Google map result when display map is checked. The red house symbol below shows the properties that are available around the area. When mouse hover on one of the red symbol, a small dialog box pop out and show brief information about the property. User can click on the click on the bottom of the box to see more information about that property.Without checking the Display Map, when a location is selected, it will navigate to a page that shows all properties with some information located in that searched place. For example, 2.11 shows all properties available in Damansara when user enters Damansara in the search box.On the left side of the page, there is one filtering function to sort the wanted property details. By clicking on any of the filtering option, the function of it will show and allow user to choose or enter related information2.15 shows the bottom of the property page. Google map of a particular property will be show if the property has information about it. At another side will be the seller information. In case user interested to find out more, they contact using the provided information or use the form below to e-mail the seller.In case user found that a particular property is not available anymore but it is still tag as available, user can simply click on the link beside the red icon below to notify the unavailability of this property to any user that view this property later. When user had done with one property, user can always choose to go back to all the property listing or simply click on the next button to view another property, or click on the previous button to view visited property before this, this two buttons located on top of the view all listings page.2.1.1.5 Find AgentThinkProperty does not offer a direct page to view all agents features. To find an agent, user needs to click the Find Agent link above the searc h box and then choose either find agent by area or by name.In case user knows any particular agent name and hoping for their service, they can try this search box to locate the agent to see all their posted listing. This also eases users when they know the agent name and where they work, but did not have any contact information about the agent. This may not work only if the target agent is not a member of ThinkProperty website.2.1.2 Strengths and Weaknesses2.1.2.1 Strengths* Simple, user-friendly interface. Overall web pages do not contain much unnecessary things. Simple looking and direct way to navigate to pages provide good browsing experience to users* Less complex function and process. Most of the process like job application form, submitting properties, searching functions are step by step methods and does not consist of much complicated process, this helps in reducing user confusion when using ThinkPropertys website* Good functionality and features. Sufficient features to pro vide good properties searching and managing experience* Good customer support service. Contain of more than one types of customer support feature for the purpose of increase efficiency in providing helps to the users when browsing ThinkProperty2.1.2.2 Weaknesses* Risk might be unavoidable. ThinkProperty may not responsible for any information risk like fake agent or propertys information as they have no control over agents or members information* Searching function is the only way to view all properties and agents. As searching for properties and agents only depends on the searching box provided, first time user may not know how to find property and agent information.2.2 iPropertyDuring Jan 2009, iProperty was declared as the top property portal in Malaysia by Google Ads Planner. Operating their business in Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, India and Philippines allow clients from different states to use their service. For further development, they are working towards capitali ze the property market and maintain their top leading position and continue working on online property advertising.(Sorensen, 2009)2.2.1 iPropertys Features2.2.1.1 Members FeaturesLike other websites to use all the features offer to members only, user has to proceed to registration and approved as a member first. Before login, there will be several links under login like My shortlist, My Property Ads and others, but when user click on those link without login, they will be directed to the login page, which contain registering and forgotten password feature. To register, user just has to click on Register Now link located on the top left side of every page or under the login field on login page and navigate to the registering page. Upon submitting the form, user will receive a random generated password in their registered e-mail, user has to use that password and registered username to login, and then they can choose to change the password later on.i) Create Personal ProfileUpon regi stering as member, user can choose to create their personal profile. This feature is optional, other than letting the agents to know more about them when using iPropertys service like property wanted and property ads, it also allow other member to find out more about a particular agent through iExpert.ii) My iExpertiExpert is a service designed to ease the sharing of property information sharing among members. All users are allow to use iExpert to search and view questions and answers provided by the members, however, only members are allow to post new questions and answer existing questions. It serves like a partial forum but does not contain much feature like forums do.iii) My Property WantedLike other property website, iProperty offer a property wanted feature to all members only that allow them to submit a form consist of the property requirement a buyer want, and let the agents to perform a property search to find available property match the buyer requirement and notify buyers about it. Members who use this feature will keep property wanted information in their profile.2.2.1.2 Viewing PropertiesThe New Property Review button contain under the drop down of New Properties located on top of the main menu navigation direct users to the latest property listing in iProperty. User can choose to view different types of property by months by selecting from a list box on the right side of the main title. This is one of the ways to view property owned by iProperty. Another way of finding properties is to use the searching function located on top of the page under the main menu or view properties through related developers or agents.Viewing a property consist of several parts. The first part is the propertys review that contain of long description of the particular property. It consists of some pictures regarding the property with describing the surrounding, environment and facility to attract the interest of people to know more about it.The second part is the prope rtys specification. This page usually of one picture regarding the property and all details like address, property type, land title, tenure, land area, price range, posted date, and side information which are nearby transportation, schools, and amenities.Next part is viewing the property gallery. This page usually consists of photo gallery taken by camera about the property environment. Visual tour will also available in this page if the particular property has any video about visual tour.Map is available in most of the properties to show the location of a property and also direction to approach to it. For those properties that has Google Map details, a map will be provided as well.Lastly, user who interested in a property can register to it using a provided form to let the agent to contact and brief user about further information.Other than property specification, there are extra corner for sending enquiry to the agents or related person, sending enquiry to the developers and also a home loan calculator provided by Maybank with the information of preferred MPF, interest rate, loan years that is already provided according to the property and the monthly repayment result is provided automatically to the user.2.2.1.3 Visual TouriProperty provide visual tour service for user to experience a virtual visiting property experience. Visual tour video can be found on the bottom of each property under gallery view. However, not all properties provide visual tour service. User can found properties that contain visual tour service on the Visual Tour link under new properties on the main menu navigation.2.2.1.4 Find an AgentFinding an agent in iProperty only require a click on Find An Agent button located on top of the page in main menu navigation. From this page, user can see their name, contact number, e-mail and self description. On top of it, there is a search agent function to find an agent by name, state and area, or user can filter all agents according to the first alphabet of their name. By clicking on their name, user will direct to their page that contain all of the listing they hold. User can also send a message to a particular agent in their page by submitting a form above the holding listing.2.2.1.5 Search FunctionThere are basically three types of search function depend on each pages. Different types of search function shown in different page for different purpose.2.29 show a search function located on the main page and new project page. There are sufficient data for user to specify the searching information to obtain better matching property. User can click on Advance Search to have more option to search. Alternately, user can choose to filter properties according to different state by clicking By Area or different country by clicking on Overseas.The second searching function is searching agent function. This feature available only in Find An Agent page and the concept is the same with normal searching function. User just has to input the agents name, area or state, or choosing the first alphabet of their name to find a particular agent.The third searching function located on Home Service page. This searching function use to search for available furniture or home products.2.2.2 Strengths and Weaknesses2.2.2.1 Strengths* Rich supporting technologies. iProperty consist of several tools like Google Map, Visual Tour, and some other function that make their service very efficient.* Detail properties information. All properties information included location map, floor plan, transportation and amenities nearby, image gallery and other related information provide information more than what the clients want to know.2.2.2.2 Weaknesses* Too much information in a page may be unnecessary. Most of the pages contain a lot of information even if it is not related to the page. Users may found it confusion on information that is related or none-related to what they need.2.3 SummaryIn this chapter, the author analyze some existing real estate company websites. As understanding features they use to enhance their operation is the main priority in this objective, the author has more knowledge on developing a real estate websites, as well as some of the strengths and weaknesses, to be learnt and avoid when developing an online property management system.Chapter 3 Conduct Interview and Survey3.1 OverviewIn this chapter, the author conducts interview and surveys to the head of City 2 Property and also some agents who are experience in real estate business. The author uses this two fact finding method to determine the user requirement of the proposed system and the agents expectation towards it. In the end, the author will record the fact finding result and present on this chapter.3.2 InterviewThe author decided to conduct an interview to the head of City 2 Property, Mr. Koo Kam Swee, because he is the most suitable person that understands the requirement or the needs of this proposed system. The interview question will be produce base on the purpose of understanding what will Mr. Koo expect the proposed system can do and how it benefits the business operation and the agents in the company. All the interview questions and answers show below contain main questions and some new questions that were asked during the interview.3.2.1 Interview Questions and Answers1. What give you an idea of using a website for your business?(To understand the purpose of the proposed system towards the company)Our companys operation mostly depends on paper work as we have already used to it. We never thought about creating a website until I realize the advantage of a website that can help people from the outside to access to our service faster and anytime even after our operation hour. Therefore, creating a website like other real estate company helps the customers to reach us easier.Author finding The author uses this question to find out the interviewee main purpose of having this proposed system. The author now u nderstand that the manager get the idea that online business provide fast and easy ways to interact with clients, therefore he decide to implement a website for the company.2. Without a system, what types of problem your company and the agents faces?(To understand how should the proposed system benefit the company)As I mention, most of our works depend on paperwork. Upon completing a document work, if require sending to clients or others, we need to send through letters, awaits receiving, and finally reply back to us. The overall process takes up a great amount of time. If there is a website, we can shorten the time of this type of process so that we can complete a task much faster.Author finding From above statement, the author understands that the manager hope that the proposed system can benefit by completing a task faster using electronic mail instead of delivering letters which is very time consuming.3. Other than that, what are other problems exist? For instant, what you think other real estate company with websites benefits compare to your company?(To understand more on the benefits of the interviewee expect towards the proposed system)Having a website for the company nowadays is a type of competitive advantage. I know some of the other real estate company having their own websites, this give them the advantage of allowing clients to reach them easier, meanwhile this become a disadvantage for us as we lack of this service to offer to the clients.Author finding Spontaneous question continue from the second question, the author try to find out more about the expectation of the manager that the proposed system can benefit the company. The author gives an example of other real estate competitive to make interviewee to think more critical on the benefits he expects. By the answer of the interviewee, the author know that the manager expect the proposed system can be a competitive advantage when compete with other real estate company.4. For the website, what f eatures you expects most? In another words, what feature you think is the most important in the entire website?(To understand what feature the interviewee concern the most)The most important part in the website would be allowing people to view our properties. We hope that people who view our properties using the website can know all the details of a property when they access the page.Author finding The author wanted to know what is considering as the most important feature in the proposed system. The answer given shows that the manager expect viewing properties as an important feature that should put effort on for the purpose of allowing the users to know the full details of a property.5. Other than viewing propertys details, what other feature you hope to be implemented to make viewing properties a better experience for the users?(To make the interviewee consider more on the functionality of the concerned feature)To be able to view propertys picture with all the details, this would be good enough. Additionally, I hope the website can handle some clients services like sending enquiry about a property or provide information about our contact so that their can call us or send message to us whenever they need our service.Author finding A spontaneous question follows by question number 4. The author trying to make the interviewee think more on adding some functionality that can make viewing properties better for the users. But the manager does not have too high expectation on other function about it, and suggest other feature regarding serving clients by receiving enquiries and mail from them using the proposed system.6. Will you expect people to be able to register as a member of City 2 Property website? If yes, what do you hope to benefit from this feature?(To understand what the manager think about member system and how to benefit from it)Possible. Having members in our website help us know more about them, in case we want to contact them using mobile phone, we may be able to locate their contact information through the website.Author finding The author finds out that the manager does not have high expectation on the member system as well. The manager hopes that this feature can be used to find out the members contact information so that the agent can contact them when necessary.7. If a member system is implemented, what you think about allowing members to sell their properties using the website?(To understand what the manager think about selling properties online)I guess this should be no different than clients call up to offer their properties to us. If what I think is correct, th

Captivity Narratives - Our Nig and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson

Captivity Narratives - Our Nig and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson Our Nig or Sketches from the life of a supererogatory relentless and A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson Harriet Wilsons and Mary Rowlandsons captivity narratives have three things in common. First, they have a musical composition of sustaining faith in God throughout their trials. Secondly, they portray their captors as savages. Finally, they all demonstrate the isolation felt by the prisoner. Our Nig or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black by Harriet Wilson is the story of a Northern girl, born into an interracial family and later abandoned by her parents, forcing her to become the servant of the Bellmont Household. After Mary, Mrs. Bellmonts daughter fall into a stream, Frado must predominate a horrific lace by both women. No sooner was he out of sight than Mrs. B. and Mary commenced beating her unhumanly, then propping her mouth open with a piece of wood, shut her up in a dark room, without any supper. (Wilson, 34-35). Yet Frado is able to continually endure the wrath and violence of Mrs. Bellmont. But, Frado, if you will be a good girl, and love and serve God, it will be but a short time forwards we are in a heavenly home together. There will never be any sickness or sorrow there. (Wilson, 95). As she is continually tortured, Frado finds salvation through her faith, thus allowing her to survive. Mary Rowlandsons A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson displays this same theme as well. The Narragansett Indians took Rowlandson and her children captive. All was departed, my Husband gone (at least separated from me, he being in the Bay, and to add to my grief, the Indians told me they ... ...ile Wilsons novel exposed the savage treatment of free blacks in the North front to the civil war. Works Cited American Authors. http//www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/aufram.html (October 28, 1999). Harriss, Shar on M. Introduction to Mary Rowlandson. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1988. Lauter, Paul, Ed. 340-342. Rowlandson, Mary. A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1983. 343-366. Wilson, Harriet. Our Nig or Sketches from the life of a Free Black. New York Vintage Books, 1983. In a captivity narrative a single individual, usually a woman, stands passively under the strokes of evil, awaiting rescue by the grace of God. Richard Slotkin.

Tree of Red Stars :: essays research papers

In all parts of the world social ranking has always been an issue to people. From early history when the Romans were the major empire to present day in the United States, social coteriees have always been accepted as a means for people to distinguish themselves. In Uruguay, the social classes are intelligibly divided and define whom people marry and how they are treated.There is a very distinct social class system in Uruguay. This class line starts at the top with the landowners. This group is not at the top because of their wealth, they are there because they have the most land and business office. The next tier in the class system is the business class. These are the people that own and operate all the businesses in the community. Unlike the United States, military comes next in the social chain, because they catch much power and control over the community. Next come agricultural workers, who do not hold power in society because they do not own a significant amount of money o r land. The bottom tier of the social system is the beggars, or bottom feeders, They have no money, land, power or responsibilities, which in turn brings them no respect as peers. As seen in the end of chapter thirteen with the marriage/elopement of Cora, and the attempted marriage of Raquel, social classes were a major factor in who people married and for what reasons. In Coras case, she wanted to marry Ramiro, a young man of no social egress and not of the familys faith. Coras mother was also against this marriage because Ramiro had no money and didnt look respectable. Coras mother wanted her to marry a young Jewish lawyer, who had higher social status, was respected in the community, and made a much higher amount of money. Cora was to be forced to marry the lawyer, not out of love, but out of Uruguayan societys class beliefs.The announcement of Raquels wedding to Walter Diaz Varela surprised and pleased all the characters in the book. Raquels family was not well off because of h er father and his actions, and they were having problems supporting themselves. Raquels mother had to sew 15 hours a day to just get by, and this union would stomach a trophy wife for Walter, and a reprieve from her mothers duties. Walter did insist on a prenuptial agreement stating Raquel and her family would get no money if they married, which offended Senora Francisca, Raquels mother, but she ignored it because it meant they would live much better.

Johnson and Dubois :: Comparative, Literary Analysis, African American L

Johnson and Dubois Many parallels can be drawn between the works of W.E.B. DuBois and those of crowd Weldon Johnson. Johnson was greatly influenced by many concepts created by DuBois, especially those presented in DuBoiss classic work The Souls of disastrous Folk. Johnson was so impressed with DuBois and his ideas that he sought him stunned in 1904 at Atlanta University. The two men developed a strong friendship and later worked for years together in the NAACP, Johnsons diplomatic temperment often match DuBoiss more than volitile one.* As Johnson developed his ideas about literature, he adopted the use of double consciousness the theme presented by DuBois in Souls of Black Folk. This theme was employ importantly in Johnsons Autobiography. Along with this theme he came to embrace the idea of racial distinctiveness theorized by DuBois. DuBois argues in his book that spiritual contributions are what African-Americans total to exsanguinous American culture.Johnsons ideas about bl ack distinctiveness within the frame of spirituality and creativity was strongly expressed in his poem O Black and unknown region Bards. This poems plays on the themes of protest with a celebration of black distinctiveness and creativity in regards to slave spirituals. Johnson argues in the poem that the slave spirituals provide conclusion of the genuineness of black literary independence, a nonher theme Johnson adopted from DuBois. Another poem by Johnson which reflects ideas from DuBois is The White Witch In this poem, Johnson warns of the seductive charms of the white jinx and is a militant call for African- Americans to preserve their heritage and distinctiveness. The images of white society brought forth by Johnson was very similar to those presented in DuBoiss Souls, where he also calls out to African-Americans not to be tempted and corrupted by white materialism.Johnson and Dubois Comparative, Literary Analysis, African American LJohnson and Dubois Many parallels can be drawn between the works of W.E.B. DuBois and those of James Weldon Johnson. Johnson was greatly influenced by many concepts created by DuBois, especially those presented in DuBoiss classic work The Souls of Black Folk. Johnson was so impressed with DuBois and his ideas that he sought him out in 1904 at Atlanta University. The two men developed a strong friendship and later worked for years together in the NAACP, Johnsons diplomatic temperment often balancing DuBoiss more volitile one.* As Johnson developed his ideas about literature, he adopted the use of double consciousness the theme presented by DuBois in Souls of Black Folk. This theme was used significantly in Johnsons Autobiography. Along with this theme he came to embrace the idea of racial distinctiveness theorized by DuBois. DuBois argues in his book that spiritual contributions are what African-Americans bring to white American culture.Johnsons ideas about black distinctiveness within the frame of spirituality and creativ ity was strongly expressed in his poem O Black and Unknown Bards. This poems plays on the themes of protest with a celebration of black distinctiveness and creativity in regards to slave spirituals. Johnson argues in the poem that the slave spirituals provide proof of the legitimacy of black literary independence, another theme Johnson adopted from DuBois. Another poem by Johnson which reflects ideas from DuBois is The White Witch In this poem, Johnson warns of the seductive charms of the white witch and is a militant call for African- Americans to preserve their heritage and distinctiveness. The images of white society brought forth by Johnson was very similar to those presented in DuBoiss Souls, where he also calls out to African-Americans not to be tempted and corrupted by white materialism.